A diatom bloom unfolds off the Kamchatka Peninsula as spring conditions drive rapid phytoplankton growth. These blooms play an important role in ocean ecosystems, helping transfer carbon and support marine life. Credits: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center / Kel Elkins NASA’s photos of Earth released during Artemis II's mission around the moon show our planet against the dark backdrop of space. Auroras illuminated the thin atmosphere, city lights dotted the outline of continents, and brown deserts gave way to green vegetation.  Are those city lights normally this bright? What kind of clouds are swirling over the Atlantic Ocean ? Is that hazy brown bit dust, or smoke, or something else? To dig into the mysteries of our planet Earth, NASA has a fleet of satellites in orbit, gathering data around the clock.…