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Database Sharding Strategies for Growing Video Platforms

DEV Community·ahmet gedik·24 days ago
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Scaling a European Video Database ViralVidVault stores viral video data from 7 European regions. As the database grows, queries that scan the entire videos table get slower. Sharding -- splitting data across multiple tables or databases -- is how you keep query performance flat as data grows linearly. Here are three strategies, with concrete PostgreSQL implementations. Strategy 1: List Partitioning by Region The most natural fit for a multi-region video vault. Each European region gets its own partition: CREATE TABLE videos ( id BIGSERIAL , video_id VARCHAR ( 16 ) NOT NULL , title TEXT NOT NULL , view_count BIGINT DEFAULT 0 , virality_score FLOAT DEFAULT 0 , region VARCHAR ( 4 ) NOT NULL , category_id INTEGER , fetched_at TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT NOW (), PRIMARY KEY ( id , region ) ) PARTITION BY LIST ( region ); -- One partition per tracked region CREATE TABLE videos_pl PARTITION OF videos FOR VALUES IN ( 'PL' ); CREATE TABLE videos_nl PARTITION OF videos FOR VALUES IN ( 'NL' ); CREATE TABLE videos_se…

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