We clinicians implement stuttering acceptance and focus on the reduction in fear of social judgements. Stutterers appear to process a lot of reinterpretations of social cognition that indirectly influence those components (ie. stuttering acceptance or uncertainty of social pressure). A new 2026-study mainly focuses on the cause of stuttering (that is, the dopamine, white matter), but they also dive into the cognitive processes that lead to either more (or less) stuttering severity or stuttering frequency. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13099768 See stutter diagram: https://preview.redd.it/vw93zbdki73h1.png?width=1484&format=png&auto=webp&s=f7c77027e76d22f231e90c9761f89a79c4760d97 https://preview.redd.it/8v6oeyemi73h1.png?width=1700&format=png&auto=webp&s=eb615c54c5e1fd8556daef8b4fd2b966fc683456 Regarding this cognitive processing that can sometimes turn into a defensive response. You can download the shared pdf document in my google drive here. Enjoy it to the fullest!…