CI/CD automates the build and deployment process — push code, pipeline runs, new version deployed on the cluster. Here's how I set it up for ASTRING using GitLab CI/CD, and why I ended up switching from Docker-in-Docker to Kaniko. The Initial Pipeline The first version used Docker-in-Docker (DinD) — a standard approach where the CI job spins up a Docker daemon inside a container to build the image. stages : - dockerize - deploy variables : IMAGE_TAG : $CI_REGISTRY_IMAGE:$CI_COMMIT_SHORT_SHA dockerize : stage : dockerize image : docker:24.0.5 services : - docker:dind script : - docker build -t $IMAGE_TAG .…