A large study published in The BMJ suggests that aerobic activities such as walking, cycling, and swimming are the most effective exercises for people with knee osteoarthritis. These activities were found to provide the greatest improvements in pain, physical function, walking ability, and overall quality of life. Researchers note that while other types of exercise can still help, they should be used alongside aerobic activity rather than replacing it as the primary approach. What Causes Knee Osteoarthritis Osteoarthritis develops when the cartilage that cushions the ends of bones gradually breaks down. This leads to pain, swelling, and difficulty moving the joint. Although it can affect different parts of the body, the knees are especially vulnerable. Nearly 30% of adults over 45 show signs of knee osteoarthritis on x-rays, and about half of them experience severe symptoms.…