Python Decorators: Wrap Functions Without Touching Them You have a function that works fine. Now you need to time it. Or retry it on failure. Or log every call. The naive solution is to edit the function body — but then you have to do it again for the next function, and the next. Decorators solve this by wrapping behavior around a function without changing the function itself. 🎁 Free: AI Publishing Checklist — 7 steps in Python · Full pipeline: germy5.gumroad.com/l/xhxkzz (pay what you want, min $9.99) The mental model A decorator is a function that takes a function and returns a (usually enhanced) function. # This: @timer def generate_chapter (): ... # Is exactly the same as: def generate_chapter (): ... generate_chapter = timer ( generate_chapter ) Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode That's the whole mechanism. @timer is syntactic sugar for reassigning the name. Understanding this one line removes all the mystery.…