The use of authentication factors, one of the most fundamental and well understood concepts in information security, enables secure access to applications, services, and networks. While proper authentication improves security posture, the drastic increase in data breaches and system attacks are largely based on compromised authentication. \r\n Authentication factors are classified as follows:  \r\n \r\n “Something I know” such as website credentials \r\n \r\n “Something I have" such as a hardware security key  \r\n \r\n "Something I am" such as a fingerprint identification \r\n \r\n \r\n The most prevalent authentication method is user credentials, also known as username and password. Credentials are commonly used to authenticate access to any online service, from bank accounts, to shopping carts, to company networks. As credentials became more widely used, the attacks to steal or abuse this authentication method also increased and evolved.…