This article was originally published on AI Study Room . For the full version with working code examples and related articles, visit the original post. Error Handling Best Practices: From Try/Catch to Structured Errors Random try/catch blocks aren't error handling — they're error hiding. A proper error handling system makes your app debuggable, observable, and resilient. Here's how to move from ad-hoc catches to a structured error system. Error Types — One Size Doesn't Fit All Error Type HTTP Status Retry? Show User? Notify Dev? Validation error 400 No (fix input) Yes (what to fix) No Not found 404 No Yes (friendly message) No Authentication error 401 No (log in first) Yes ("please log in") No Authorization error 403 No Yes ("you don't have access") Maybe (possible attack) Rate limit 429 Yes (with backoff) Yes ("too many requests") No External service failure 502 Yes (with backoff) No (mask it) Yes (oncall) Internal error (unexpected) 500 Maybe No (mask it) Yes (immediately) Structured Error Handling Pattern…