Every Java developer writes classes, methods, and fields. But who should be allowed to use them? Access modifiers answer exactly that — they control visibility, enforce encapsulation, and form the foundation of clean API design. Java has four: Default (Package-private) Private Protected Public Let's break each one down. Default Access Modifier If no access modifier is specified, the member has default (package-private) access and can only be accessed within the same package.This means only classes within the same package can access it. Example class Car { String model ; // default access } public class Main { public static void main ( String [] args ){ Car c = new Car (); c . model = "Tesla" ; // accessible within the same package System . out . println ( c . model ); } } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Output Private Access Modifier The private access modifier is specified using the keyword private.…