Main America was the final frontier of early human global dispersal 1 , marking the last continent to be populated not only by Homo sapiens but also by any hominin species. The American continent and its populations have unique characteristics crucial for understanding human evolution. Human history on the American continent began at least 15,000 years ago 3 ; however, the ancestry of Indigenous American populations traces back further in time, with their formation beginning about 25,000 years ago in and around the Beringian land bridge 6 . This period was crucial for the emergence of Indigenous American diversity 7 , and after millennia of partial isolation in Beringia, the end of the Last Glacial Maximum triggered rapid and large-scale dispersal into America 4 , 5 .…