On Sunday, voters ousted Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban’s populist right-wing government. In a landslide victory, Peter Magyar’s Tisza, a center-right party, won 53 percent of the vote, compared with 39 percent for Orban’s Fidesz party. In his 16 years in power, Orban had been a role model for aspiring authoritarian leaders far beyond Budapest. His regime had lasted as long as it did because it was extremely adept at rigging the electoral system and stoking polarization in society. Yet those very strengths proved to be its undoing. An electoral system that rewarded the largest party with a disproportionate number of parliamentary seats meant that a capable challenger could decisively turn the tables on the incumbent government. The stark polarization of society made a united opposition party easier to forge. And Orban’s unusually long tenure made it impossible for him to escape responsibility for the failures of governance and management that plagued the country.…