Nvidia’s Cosmos is one world model being trained on physics data about real-world environments. Credit: NVIDIA Corporation An ongoing trend in artificial intelligence could have huge implications for how the technology is used in research. Machine-learning systems such as large language models (LLMs), which turn prompts into text, images and video, are becoming increasingly sophisticated and continue to make astonishing progress, including in science . But such ‘generative AI’ tools also have limitations . The approach does not always make accurate predictions about the physical world, and could fail at modelling correctly what would happen if a car were to go off the edge of a cliff, for example. This would have implications for developing effective and safe AI-powered robots and self-driving vehicles .…