Guilt, shame, fear and self-doubt typically are associated with negative outcomes, especially in the workplace. But Rebecca Schaumberg , Wharton professor of operations, information and decisions, takes a different view. In her research, Schaumberg focuses on how these seemingly unproductive traits can be used to enhance job performance and leadership. She spoke to Knowledge at Wharton about some of the surprising findings in her studies and their implications. An edited transcript of the conversation follows. Knowledge at Wharton: Tell us about your primary research focuses. Rebecca Schaumberg: At a broad level, I’ve been interested in the individual characteristics or employee traits that promote positive employee outcomes. That is a mouthful, but that means looking at the things that get people to work hard, work well, and to emerge and be effective in leadership roles. Knowledge at Wharton: What have been some of the key takeaways from your research?…