A view of the third excavation season showing the human remains alongside a diagram of Individuals 1 and 2, the combustion structure, and the burial pits. Diagram by Raúl González Dubox. Credit: Otero et al. 2026 The peopling of South America has long been debated, with various routes proposed for how they spread across the subcontinent. However, routes along the Atlantic coast were typically much younger than their Pacific counterparts, leaving a significant gap in our understanding of when and how early hunter-gatherers traveled along the South American Atlantic coast. A recent study, published in the Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports , presents and discusses the earliest burial site in Patagonia and one of the earliest pieces of evidence of Early Holocene human settlement on the South American Atlantic coast. Debate around the peopling of South America In South America, much debate has surrounded the timing and routes taken by early hunter-gatherers into the continent.…