Science of The Total Environment (2026). DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.181777"> Graphical abstract. Credit: Science of The Total Environment (2026). DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.181777 After nearly four decades, the world's longest-running soil warming experiment is revealing a surprising result: even "stable" carbon in forest soils can break down as temperatures rise, releasing more CO₂ into the atmosphere. The findings are published in the journal Science of The Total Environment . "Microbes are critical components of soil ecosystems because they break down organic matter and recycle elements essential for plant growth," explains Jerry Melillo, a Distinguished Scientist at the Marine Biological Laboratory.…