The following sets out a conceptual framework for understanding transformation. It draws on my experience in the Australian Public Service working in national innovation policy and public sector reform as well as my background in teaching and learning in interdisciplinary studies, leadership and influence and anthropology at the Australian National University. Across government, business and civil society, few questions draw more interest than how to influence systems; how to understand change, shape it, and turn ambition into real and lasting impact. Theories of change provide a starting point for implementing an approach to move from a current state to a desired future state. Here, I explore the practical mechanics of transformation by contrasting small steps at the centre — commonly referred to as radical incrementalism — with bold action at the edges.…