Armenia will hold parliamentary elections on June 7 that will determine the country’s next government. Whichever party or parties prevail, what happens after the vote may prove whether Armenia has built foundations strong enough since independence to protect human rights and the rule of law in a contested political moment. The stakes on June 7 are particularly high. The elections are taking place in a polarized environment shaped by security concerns, social hardship, the  displacement of ethnic Armenians from Nagorno-Karabakh in 2023, intense debate over Armenia’s geopolitical direction, and concerns about external electoral interference. Armenia is a member of the Council of Europe and the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), which has deployed an election observation mission at the government’s invitation. Armenia is also party to key regional and international human rights treaties, although its human rights record is uneven.…