"A function that calls itself sounds like a bug. Turns out it's one of the most powerful ideas in programming." When you first hear "a function that calls itself" — your brain says wait, wouldn't that just loop forever? Good instinct. That's exactly the right question to ask. And the answer is what makes recursion beautiful. What is Recursion? Recursion is when a function calls itself to solve a smaller version of the same problem — until it hits a point where it doesn't need to anymore. Every recursive function has two parts: Base case — the condition that stops the recursion. Without this, you get infinite calls and a crashed browser. Recursive case — where the function calls itself with a smaller input, working towards the base case. 💡 Think of it like: Russian nesting dolls. You keep opening a doll to find a smaller one inside — until you reach the tiniest one that doesn't open. That's your base case.…