The MPEG Transport Stream standard is nearly 30 years old, yet it remains the foundation of DVB broadcasting and IPTV—and is still frequently used in OTT workflows. Let’s take a closer look at why it exists, which parameters need to be monitored, and what typical TS workflows look like in practice. What Is MPEG-TS and Why Is Multiplexing Needed? When you watch a TV program, it may seem like only video is being transmitted over the network. In reality, it’s a combination of multiple data components: - Video   - Audio (one or more tracks)   - Subtitles   - Teletext   - Service data for synchronization   - Ad insertion markers (SCTE-35), used by splicers for content replacement   All of this must be packaged in a way that ensures audio stays in sync with video, subtitles appear at the right time, and the receiver understands how the components relate to each other.…