A new international study published in Current Biology reports the analysis of ancient mitochondrial DNA extracted from eight Neanderthal teeth found in Stajnia Cave in Poland. Using this material, researchers were able to reconstruct the genetic profile of a small group of Neanderthals who lived at the same location, north of the Carpathians, during the same time period. This marks the first time scientists have rebuilt a genetic picture of multiple Neanderthals from a single site and era in this region. "This is an extraordinary result because, for the first time, we are able to observe a small group of at least seven Neanderthals from Central-Eastern Europe who lived around 100,000 years ago," says Andrea Picin, professor at the University of Bologna and coordinator of the research. "In most cases, Neanderthal genetic data come from single fossils or from remains scattered across different sites and periods.…