Researchers have cast doubt on an influential 2025 study that claimed a new artificial intelligence (AI) model could accurately simulate human thought.

That study, published in the journal Nature, concluded that a large language model (LLM) called Centaur could "predict and simulate human behavior" with up to 64% accuracy across a series of psychological experiments. At the time, the researchers argued that Centaur's performance reflected a genuine understanding of human decision-making, after it was trained on a dataset of more than 10 million human decisions from 160 experiments involving 60,000 people.